Posts Tagged ‘pronunciation’

Speaking Too Perfectly

Friday, July 16th, 2010

An instructor at the L2 Accent Reduction Centre recently purchased an audio book about voice projection. However there was also a section on correct pronunciation, which very much contradicts the natural rhythm of English. For example, the speaker advises to use Perfect Tenses and Formal Words. The speaker also suggested to clearly say pronouns, and not to reduce contractions like, “The man could have said he had had his automobile repaired.” Instead of simply saying, “The man could’ve said ‘e got iz car fixed.” Speaking too perfectly can make a non-native speaker sound even more foreign.

Across the US and Canada, there are several variations of so-called correct pronunciation. Most usage guides do not go into the class or social divisions that these variations may be connected to. But some simple observations can highlight some of them. In fact, even though literature is more in line with the written form, it will attempt to mimic these variations of the spoken form.

“I is done it. Hush , now. Ain’t I told you you can’t go up there.”
William Faulkner – The Sound and The Fury

“I coulda told you that,’ said George. ‘Well, I wasn’t hurtin’ ‘em none. I jus’ had mine in my lap pettin’ it.” John Steinbeck – Of Mice and Men

“Boy, Coyote sit up straight. Them eyes pop open. That tail stop wagging. That one swallow that smile.” Thomas King – The One About Coyote Going West.

“And if she thought anything, it was No. No. Nono. Nonono. Simple. She just flew. Collected every bit of life she had made, all the parts of her that were precious and fine and beautiful, and carried, pushed, dragged them through the veil, out, away, over there where no one could hurt them.”
Toni Morrison – Beloved

By the way, I know that it is not grammatically correct to say “more perfect” or “too perfect”, but linguistically, these imperfections are a part of the language and very common to see.

Do Native Speakers Correct One Another’s Pronunciation?

Friday, April 23rd, 2010

One of my client’s mentioned that when she was a high-school student in Canada, it was very uncommon for her teacher to correct her pronunciation.  She felt it would have helped her have better English today.  In wondering why that was, she asked whether native speakers correct one another’s pronunciation.

The correct pronunciation of words mostly occurs with foreign words.  If a person with a “foreign” name becomes famous, there will be much debate about how to pronounce the name correctly.  I recall this debate with Barack Obama when he began running for President, though many people now know his name.  Currently there is a lot of talk over how to correctly pronounce the name of the volcano erupting in Iceland.  Mount Eyjafjallajokull is not easy for a native speaker to say.  Foreign food and products are also frequently mispronounced.  Correcting someone can show that you are more worldly than others.

Most interestingly, is the mispronunciation is often attributed to social class.  I recall being taught to say “Joan saw my sister and I.” and not to say “Joan saw me and my sister.”  Both are grammatically correct.  There are some I was never taught such as “What kind of bird is that?” which apparently should be “What kind of a bird is that?”

Here is a list of words that apparently show class distinctions.  Native speakers of English will sometimes correct one another with the so-called correct pronunciation.  Correcting someone on these words can make you sound pretentious; perhaps that feeling was why my client was not often corrected during her high school days in Canada.

Word        Upper Class Pronunciation         Lower Class Pronunciation

asked                             askt                                         ast

coupon                         koo-pon                              kyoo-pon

escape                           es-kayp                               ek-skayp

fifth                                fifth                                        fith

height                            hIt                                         hItth

library                          laI-brer-ee                         li-ber-ee

nuclear                        noo-klee-*r                        noo-ky*-l*r

often                              of-*n                                    of-ten

toward                          tord                                      twahrd

*=schwa

Don’t Spell as it Sounds

Monday, April 19th, 2010

Here is an excellent example of how native speakers don’t realize that they are reducing some sounds.  Have you ever wondered why native speakers talk so quickly?  We don’t really speak quickly we are just not saying all the words that you think we are saying.  Native speakers will only actually say the nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs in a sentence.  Everything else is reduced!   Look at the picture below- this is an excellent example:

Respect our country pronounced as “Respect are country. ”

Don’t say our – just say R.


Let’s Practice-  our car- R car, our house-R house, our book- R book, our lunch- R lunch, our dog- R dog, our kitchen- R kitchen, our couch- R couch,  our garage- R garage,  our school-R school,  our fireplace- R fireplace,  our cat- R cat.

Pronunciation Problems at Work

Friday, November 6th, 2009

I came across this letter to advice columnist Lily Garcia in The Washington Post.  It is about how managers struggle to deal with pronunciation problems at work. He wrote:

I’ve been the manager of a small team for about four years, and they are usually low-maintenance, so I haven’t yet had to deal with many issues that I don’t know how to handle. We give presentations to and interact with hundreds of our colleagues every week. Our newest team member has a great personality, is very intelligent, is well-liked and he gets great reviews for the one-on-one presentations that he delivers. There are some aspects of his group presentations that need work: He’s easily distracted by off-topic or long-answer questions, sometimes not as organized as he should be and sometimes gets thrown off or confused about topics with which he is otherwise very familiar. I feel confident that I can work with him to improve these issues. Every time I have given feedback to this employee, he has been grateful, not at all defensive and glad to have a chance to improve.

However, there’s one issue that I don’t know how to address. He mispronounces words that come up a LOT in our sessions (or uses the wrong word): “Libary” instead of “libRary” and “mines” instead of “mine” are a couple of examples that come to mind. I have received a few course evaluations in which the students have mentioned the mispronunciations, but I think it will hurt his feelings to tell him about this. Do you agree or is that something I would tell him?

I’m having trouble with this because it feels impolite to correct someone’s pronunciation. I know it will be helpful to him in the long run, if he is going to continue working in the corporate world (this is his first corporate job), but I don’t know how to bring it up.

His letter reflects a common problem that many companies have with regards to internationally trained professionals that they have hired.  I notice that the writer does not specify this worker as a person who did not have English as a first language.  Many managers may fear dealing with this issue directly because of discrimination issues that arise when a person’s English becomes a target.  I mean, if English wasn’t a problem in the job interview, why is it now?

In our experience, the problem becomes a concern when the worker is promoted and thus becomes accountable to a higher standard of preformance.  Although we have worked with many companies, there are still many managers who are not aware of any accent reduction service.  Our service can address the manager’s problem and provide the professional support needed by the employee.

American vs British Accent: Hugh Laurie

Wednesday, June 10th, 2009

Even though a majority of our clients speak with a foreign accent, the same difficulties can be experienced when British accents are heard in AmericaClick here.  In this interview between Ellen DeGeneres and Hugh Laurie, see how Hugh’s pronunciation of the “ch” sound throws Ellen off as she perceives to hear the “sh” sound.  Chinwag becomes Shinwag.

These are the same types of barriers that face immigrants who struggle to be heard correctly.  Sounds that carry over from their first language (L1) into their second language (l2) can cause communication breakdowns and misperceptions.

Most Americans have a better ear for the British accent, which lessens the percentage of miscomunications, since British accents are common on many TV programs and advertisements.  Unfortunatley, Filipino accents, Indian accents, Spanish accents, Chinese accents, and so on are not as popular and more likely to generate barriers.

American Accent: Hugh Laurie

Friday, June 5th, 2009

Although many professionals seek accent reduction for their jobs, the fact that accents change is best known in the field of acting.  Usually, an acting coach helps an actor to say his or her lines with the targeted accent.  However, in the case of Hugh Laurie for his role on the TV show House, specific techniques were mastered to speak with an American accent.  One of these techniques is using the flap T.

The flap T sound occurs in American pronunciation when the T is between two vowel sounds before an unstressed syllable.  This gives it a “D” sound.  Words such as security, city, water, forty, hospital… all have the “D” sound but in British pronunciation they have a “T” sound.

This is one of the techniques Hugh Laurie uses to sound American and he fools many people who are surprised to learn he is British.  Keegan-Michael Key makes fun of this in his MAD TV interview with Laurie.  Click here

Spelling Bee and Pronunciation

Friday, May 29th, 2009

In a spelling bee, the sound of a word can be misleading, and not just because of the announcer’s English accent.  I will be the first to admit that I am a bad speller.  I think a lot of my mistakes can be attributed to growing up in an area with a regional accent.

My hometown in the Ottawa Valley is known for its twang, or regional accent.  I read about it when studying linguistics at university.  Over the years, I have worked with a number of ESL teachers and seen them explain pronunciation techniques, or even run accent reduction courses based on a word’s spelling.  My favourite pronunciation training tip is that feet is held longer because of the double e.  No mention of voiced and voiceless constants.

Some sounds, like the schwa, take on a number of different spellings.

about

open

sculpin

I know there is the big Scripps National Spelling Bee going on right now.  You can see in this video how much Trevor Mahony struggles with the schwa.  It helps me understand how Ottawa Valley’s regional accent contributed to my spelling test struggles in elementary school.